Albert Einstein
- Born:
- March 14, 1879, Ulm, Württemberg, Germany
- Died:
- April 18, 1955, Princeton, New Jersey, United States
- Nationality:
- German (1879–1896), Stateless (1896–1901), Swiss (1901–1955), German (1914–1933), American (1940–1955)
- Profession(s):
- Theoretical Physicist, Mathematician, Philosopher
Early Life and Education
- Early education was initially delayed due to speech difficulties.
- Attended Luitpold Gymnasium in Munich.
- Renounced German citizenship at age 16.
- Graduated from the Swiss Federal Polytechnic in Zurich in 1900.
- Awarded a PhD from the University of Zurich in 1905.
Career and Major Achievements
- Worked as a patent clerk in Bern, Switzerland (1902-1909).
- Published four groundbreaking papers in 1905, known as the "Annus Mirabilis" papers.
- Professor at the University of Zurich (1909), Charles University in Prague (1911), and ETH Zurich (1912).
- Director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics in Berlin (1914).
- Developed the General Theory of Relativity (1915).
- Awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his explanation of the photoelectric effect.
- Emigrated to the United States in 1933, joining the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton.
- Wrote a letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1939 warning of the potential for Nazi Germany to develop atomic weapons.
Notable Works
- "On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies" (1905) - Introducing Special Relativity.
- "Does the Inertia of a Body Depend Upon Its Energy Content?" (1905) - Introducing E=mc².
- "Relativity: The Special and the General Theory" (1916) - Explaining Relativity to a broader audience.
- Numerous scientific papers on quantum mechanics, statistical mechanics, and cosmology.
Legacy and Impact
Albert Einstein's theories revolutionized our understanding of space, time, gravity, light, and the universe. His work laid the foundation for many technological advancements, and he remains one of the most influential scientists of all time. Understanding "the beatles members biography of albert einstein," even in a brief form like this, illuminates the magnitude of his contributions.